Nepal is a landlocked Himalayan country in South Asia, bordered by the People's Republic of China to the north and India to the south, east and west.Approximately 80% of its people follow Hinduism and 10% Buddhism. For a relatively small country, the Nepali landscape is uncommonly diverse, ranging from the humid Terai in the south to the lofty Himalayas in the north. Nepal boasts eight of the world's ten highest mountains, including Mount Everest on the border with China. Kathmandu is the capital and largest city. The other main cities include Biratnagar, Birgunj, Janakpur, Pokhara, Nepalgunj, Mahendranagar etc.

Nepal is of roughly rectangular shape, 650 km wide and 200 km broad, with an area of 147,181 km². Nepal is commonly divided into three physiographic areas: the Mountain, Hill, and Terai Regions. These ecological belts run east-west and are bisected by Nepal's major river systems.

The Terai Plains bordering India are part of the northern rim of the Indo-Gangetic plains. They were formed and are fed by three major rivers: the Kosi, the Narayani (India's Gandak River), and the Karnali. This region has a hot, humid climate.

The Hill Region (Pahar in Nepali) abuts the mountains and varies from 1,000 to 4,000 m in altitude. Two low mountain ranges, the Mahabharat Lekh and Shiwalik Range (also called the Churia Range) dominate the region. The hilly belt includes the Kathmandu Valley, the country's most fertile and urbanised area. Despite its geographical isolation and limited economic potential, the region always has been the political and cultural centre of Nepal. Unlike the valleys, elevations above 2,500 m are sparsely populated.

There are mainly two religion followed by Nepalese.

Hinduism: It is the major religion of Nepal and world as well. It is one of the ancient and most popular religions prevalent in Nepal. Nepalese society has been deeply influenced by the philosophy of Hindu religion. Aryans introduced Hinduism in Nepal. They were bound to face and unable to detect the calamities and mysteries of nature like earthquake, rainfall, lightening, thundering and changes of season, so they stated worshipping the force of nature.
With the passage of time this worshipping was converted into a systematic and orderly style of worshipping and it was the right time for the development of Hinduism. Various types of fanciful god and goddess were created and worshipped

BUDDHISM: It is the second most popular religion in Nepal. It was started by Prince Siddhartha Gautam on Vaisakh Purnima about two thousand five hundred forty years ago. The religion propounded by Siddhartha Gautam is popularly known as Buddhism. He propounded this religion with a motive of protecting the society from the deformities of Hinduism like cateism and to provide emancipation to human beings from the pains and tortures of the world.

Brahmin
The Brahmins (Bahuns in Nepali) are the traditional Hindu priest castes and speak Nepali as their first language. They are conscious of the concept of jutho, or ritual pollution at their home and food. Brahmins traditionally do not drink alcohol.

Chhetri
The other major Hindu Caste is Chhetri. In villages they are farmers, but they are also known for being outstanding soldiers. This clan includes the ruling family of Nepal, the Shahs, Ranas and Thakuris. Thakuris are descendants of the Rajputs in India.

Newar
The original inhabitants of the Kathmandu Valley are the Newars. To this day also they remain concentrated in the valley in Kathmandu, Patan, Bhaktapur and Kirtipur. Newars have a rich cultural heritage with skilled artisans and most of the traditional arts of Nepal have been crafted by Newars. There are both Buddhist and Hindu Newars.

Tamang
Tamang literally means "horse soldier' and Tamang legend says that they migrated to Nepal at the time of Genghis Khan as cavalry troops. Tamangs are one of the most popular in the Hills. They speak a Tibeto-Burmese language and practice a form of Tibetan Buddhism as their religion. Most Tamangs are farmers. They also work as porters and the chances are the 'Sherpa' on your trek is more likely to be a Tamang than a Sherpa.

Rai
Like the Tamangs and Sherpas, Rais speak a Tibeto-Burmese language of their own. They practice an indigenous religion that is neither Buddhist nor Hindu, though it has more of an influence of Hinduism. Rais, along with Limbus, Magars and Gurungs are one of the ethnic groups which supply a large proportion of the recruits for the well-known Gorkha regiments of the British and Indian armies.

Limbu
Most Limbu people live in the eastern side of Nepal. Their religion is a mixture of Buddhism and Shamanism.

Gurung
Gurungs often serve in the Nepalese army and the police as well as the Gorkha regiments of both the British and Indian armies. They are Mongoloid in feature and their dance performance are particularly exotic.

Magar
Traditionally, Magars are farmers and stonemasons but they also serve as soldiers in Gorkha regiments and in the Nepalese army. Magars can either be Hindu or Buddhist.

Thakali
The Thakalis are originally from Kali Gandaki (Thak Khola) region but they have migrated wherever business opportunities have led. They are excellent in business and running hotels. They have a mixed religion of Buddhism, Hinduism and ancient shamanistic and animistic cult.

Sherpa
One of Nepal's most famous ethnic groups are the Sherpas, even though they form only a tiny part of the total population. Sherpas first came into prominence when the 1921 Mt. Everest reconnaissance team hired them. Though the most famous Sherpa settlement are near Everest region, they are found throughout the eastern part of Nepal.

Manangi
Manangi's reside in the northern part of Annapurna called Manang. They are closely related to Tibetans. They had been given special trading privileges by the government and thus Manangi's are mostly found to be doing business these days, importing goods from Hong Kong, Bangkok and Singapore.

Tharu
The largest and most probably the oldest group in the Terai region are the Tharus. They are mostly farmers. They have their own tribal religion based on Hinduism.      

Dhimal: The Dhimals are believed to be the first people to inhabit the Far Eastern terai of Nepal.    They look similar to Tibetans, with slanted eyes and straight black hair, but have darker skin. Their main occupation is farming, and they grow mostly rice and corn. Their staple foods consistof dalbhat